Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, is characterized by high blood glucose levels that cause serious damage to the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and other systems. The global prevalence of DM is anticipated to increase to 7,079 cases/per 100,000 by 2030. 

Diabetic individuals [both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM] are often affected by diabetic myopathy, which is the failure to maintain muscle mass and function in the course of DM. Since skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in locomotion and glucose homeostasis, diabetic myopathy may add more complications to the disease. 

Furthermore, chronic hyperglycemia may cause lung functional changes in patients with DM, like declined lung volumes and compliance, inspiratory muscle strength, and lung elastic recoil. Thus, inspiratory muscle weakness, an effect of diabetic myopathy, can impact exercise tolerance. Hence, moderate strength training in T2DM can help to gain peripheral muscle strength. Despite the robust literature on muscle weakness and loss of mass in diabetic myopathy, triggering pathophysiological factors, the impact on functional capacity and advising physical exercise for this condition should be further explored in the studies. 

Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2022;13. 10.3389/fendo.2022.869921